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Creative Chemistry
CHAPTER XII
CHAPTER XII
A full account of the development of the American Warfare Service has been published in the Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry in the monthly issues from January to August, 1919, and an article on the British service in the issue of April, 1918. See also Crowell's Report on "America's Munitions," published by War Department. Scientific American, March 29, 1919, contains several articles. A. Russell Bond's "Inventions of the Great War" (Century) contains chapters on poison gas and explosives.
Lieutenant Colonel S.J.M. Auld, Chief Gas Officer of Sir Julian Byng's army and a member of the British Military Mission to the United States, has published a volume on "Gas and Flame in Modern Warfare" (George H. Doran Co.).
Über
Slosson reviews the transformation of alchemistry from an obscure and imprecise practice to the science of chemistry. Along the way, he explains how the modern industrial world now relies on fertilizers, explosives, textile materials, polymers and metals.
By exploring the properties of a once undervalued element, the high strength of vanadium steel made the Ford car possible. Another element, cerium, appears in butane lighters and was once seen as a threat to the match industry in France.
In his chapter on oils, Slosson reviews the development of hydrogenated oils, especially during WWII, in the search for a way to reuse otherwise discarded components of corn and cottonseed. Through the revolutionary reaction of hydrogenation, waste materials became a stable product that wouldn't spoil when packaged or carried without refrigeration. Once thought of as a miracle, shoppers were once willing to pay more for fully hydrogenated oils than their natural, unsaturated forms. Only in recent years has evidence of health risks checked their popularity and given them the image of cheap, unhealthy fillers. (Summary by LivelyHive)
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